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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are among the most frequently prescribed medication for ADHD, and appear to increase and regulate levels of brain chemicals. They do not treat the disorder, but rather manage symptoms if they are taken regularly. The adverse effects of ADHD medication can include changes in blood pressure and heart rate, anxiety and tics. Some teens and children who are taking stimulant medication notice a slight slowing in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nervous stimulant is the most commonly used drug used to treat ADHD. It is available in a variety of forms, including a liquid chewable tablet as well as an oral disintegrating tablet that acts long, and a pill with extended release. The drug is effective by increasing the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which help to improve concentration. It may also reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. When used in conjunction with other treatments like behavioral therapy, methylphenidate could be a successful treatment for ADHD. Methylphenidate works by blocking the transporters that are normally responsible for removing these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug could cause a slight increase in blood pressure or heart rate. It may also trigger a rapid change in blood sugar levels, which is why diabetics should be aware when taking this medication. If you encounter any of these side effects, speak with your doctor. Methylphenidate is also known to cause a condition called Raynaud's phenomenon that causes numbness and pain in the toes and fingers. It is a rare but serious side effect. It is crucial to notify your doctor in the event that these symptoms occur. Some people are concerned that methylphenidate may slow the growth of children. However this hasn't been proven. If you have a child being treated with methylphenidate be sure to monitor the weight and height carefully. If your child is taking chewable tablets of methylphenidate, it contains phenylalanine, which is a risk for children who have the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). Ask your doctor about an alternative methylphenidate formulation in case you suffer from PKU. Stimulants are considered the first-choice treatment for ADHD However, certain people are not able to use them. In these instances, doctors may prescribe other medications that work in a similar way. Apart from methylphenidate there are other stimulants, such as dexamfetamine and the lisdexamfetamine. These substances are more powerful than methylphenidate and may last longer. These drugs are typically taken twice or three times daily however some individuals might be able to take them more frequently. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD however, they are not as effective as stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine, also known under the brand name Strattera, is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that boosts concentration and reduces hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It belongs to a class known as selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors. It is a drug that increases levels of dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemical messengers which control brain's activity. It is a favorite among people of all ages who need a different medication than stimulants like Adderall or Vyvanse. It is important to know that atomoxetine does not work immediately. It may take up to 6 weeks before the effects of this medication are evident. You may also experience negative side effects, such as drowsiness and nausea. For the majority of patients the benefits of taking atomoxetine are greater than any risk. The efficacy of atomoxetine has been verified in a double-blind, multisite placebo-controlled trial with 297 ADHD patients aged 12 to 18. The participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine, a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo for 9 weeks. In medications for adhd in adults and placebo groups depression symptoms were reduced. The atomoxetine group saw greater improvements in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. However the improvement was not as dramatic (Michelson and co. 2001). In another open trial in another open trial, 10 patients with ADHD who were unable to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine for 8 weeks. The atomoxetine group demonstrated improved ADHD symptoms compared to placebo group with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version and Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale improving significantly. However, one patient experienced an rash and resigned from the study. In addition, three patients reported transient gastrointestinal disturbances and one reported increased fatigue (Kratochvil and co., 2005). Before you begin treatment with atomoxetine with your physician about your health history as well as any other supplements or medications that you're taking. This includes herbal remedies and prescription medications. Discuss with your doctor when any of the following conditions exist for narrow-angle glaucoma thyroid or adrenal gland tumor or a high blood pressure heart disease or sudden death. It is also recommended to be wary of atomoxetine in the event that you have taken an MAO inhibitor, such as isocarboxazid, linezolid or methylene blue injection rasagiline, phenelzine, or tranylcypromine within the last 14 days. Bupropion Bupropion, a non-stimulant drug, can help to improve ADHD symptoms. It can also decrease impulsivity, and increase focus. However it doesn't affect the brain in the similar way that stimulants do. Only prescriptions are accepted. Your doctor will determine the best dosage for you. Bupropion is available in tablets and extended-release capsules. It is important to follow the directions. If you stop taking it abruptly you could experience withdrawal symptoms. The typical dosage is two or three doses daily, separated by four to six hours. The dosage can range between 100 mg twice or three times a day up to 150 mg daily, three or four times. The drug is taken up by the digestive system, and excreted through urine. It isn't able to penetrate breast milk. However, it can enter the bloodstream and impact other organs. Bupropion raises blood pressure. It is important to check it frequently. In addition to reducing the symptoms of ADHD Bupropion can also reduce depression. It can also be used to treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking the dopamine receptors in your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter dopamine from reaching your brain, which helps stabilize mood. Bupropion can interact with other drugs It's therefore important to inform your doctor about any other medications you're taking. It is important to inform your doctor know that you have any allergies. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants since they can make side effects worse. Several studies have compared bupropion with placebos in adults with ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed and most studies were not conducted properly. Furthermore, many of them excluded participants with psychiatric comorbidity. The research suggests that bupropion does have a modest impact on ADHD. More research is needed to determine positive outcomes for patients, including an improvement in the quality of living. Furthermore, a more precise understanding of the molecular subtypes of ADHD is needed before effective treatment can be created. This requires a deeper understanding of the relation between different molecular pathways. It is also crucial to know the way that anti-ADHD medications work in conjunction with psychotherapy. medication for adults with add may be prescribed by doctors if stimulants prescribed for children with ADHD don't work or cause adverse side negative effects. medications for adhd , which include imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), are effective in boosting the neurotransmitters norepinephrine as well as dopamine in the brain to help people focus. These older drugs can have severe negative side consequences. They are generally only used when other medications are not working. The first choice of antidepressants for depression is usually a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) like fluoxetine sertraline, citalopram, or escitalopram. Tricyclic antidepressants are still used in certain cases, despite their long history. They are effective in treating neuropathic pain and other conditions, but their antidepressant effect is not the identical. They enhance the noradrenephrine receptor, by preventing its reuptake. They also act as descending moderators for pain pathways within the spinal cord. SSRIs are less harmful and have fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They're also safer during pregnancy and don't appear to be teratogenic in animals or humans. However, they can cause significant withdrawal symptoms if they are stopped abruptly. Your doctor may recommend slowly decreasing the dosage over several weeks to reduce the effects. While not officially approved by the FDA as a treatment for adhd, bupropion is a commonly prescribed antidepressant off-label for ADHD. It is believed to increase neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine or dopamine in the brain, which enhances concentration. It's also known to relieve anxiety, and it can be used in conjunction with stimulants to achieve more rapid and lasting results. Although there aren't any other FDA-approved medications that are nonstimulant for ADHD Many people feel relief through the use of dietary supplements and herbs. A diet low in fat and sugar may also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. Also, avoiding caffeine may be beneficial for some. It is important to inform your doctor about all the medications you or your child uses, including prescription drugs and herbal remedies. This will prevent interactions and reduce the risk of unwanted side effects. ADHD medication can affect each person differently, so it's sometimes an exercise of trial and error to discover the appropriate dosage and medication for you or your child.